As the country attaches great importance to wild nature reserves , wireless video surveillance systems of various sizes have begun to be widely used in various forest reserves. With the increasing development of Internet and broadband network technology , traditional content services based on text and pictures can no longer meet the needs of users . Multimedia content services with video and audio are about to become the mainstream . This is an inevitable trend in the development of Internet technology. At the same time , the introduction of various efficient compression and decompression algorithms has made it possible for multimedia information to be transmitted on the network.

The use of telecommunications broadband networks has become an indispensable part of our lives and work. Real-time transmission on mobile broadband networks, namely streaming media technology, will be a hot spot for new technology development and application now and in the next five years. The new generation of wireless security monitoring systems based on 3G/4G network technology has made wireless transmission of video and audio on mobile broadband networks a trend. The solution that integrates video, audio, and data for network transmission has the characteristics of simple structure, complete functions, network management, high reliability, high integration, etc. The most important thing is that it is not restricted by geographical terrain and traditional Internet laying.

1. Project Overview

As the country attaches great importance to the forest environment, various wild forest nature reserves in China have also accelerated the construction of informatization. At present, comprehensive information network systems have been established for forest fire prevention and nature reserves in many regions. Among them, remote image monitoring is one of the key needs of informatization construction in these departments. How to use the established comprehensive information network system to integrate 3G/4G wireless monitoring services into the system can not only reduce the investment in establishing a dedicated monitoring network system, but also meet the needs of monitoring information sharing of various business functional departments.

1.1 Industry Overview

With the construction of the information system of nature reserves, the internal management has been transitioned from the previous extensive management to information management, and the centralized management of various animal and plant resources in the reserve has been gradually strengthened. The national nature reserve has the largest and most intact original mountain moss evergreen broad-leaved forest in China, which has the function of forest and water conservation. The type of the reserve is a forest ecological resource protection zone. In recent years, although good results have been achieved in forest fire prevention and forest resource protection through comprehensive management, the problem of forest fire prevention has always troubled the forestry department. The momentum of frequent forest fires has not been fundamentally curbed. With the continuous development of afforestation, the forest area and forestry stock volume have increased year by year, and forest fire prevention has become a top priority. Forest fire is one of the important forestry disasters in the world. A certain number of forest fires occur every year, causing significant losses of forest resources and global environmental pollution. Forest fires are characterized by suddenness, randomness of disaster occurrence, and huge losses in a short period of time. Although forest fires cannot be completely avoided, their degree of harm can be completely controlled through prevention and timely firefighting measures. Therefore, once a fire occurs, firefighting measures must be taken at an extremely fast speed. Whether the fire fighting is timely and the decision is appropriate depends on whether the forest fire behavior is discovered in time, whether the analysis is accurate and reasonable, and whether the decision measures are appropriate. In order to prevent, reduce and control forest fires, realize the standardization, scientificization and informatization of forest fire prevention work as soon as possible, implement the principle of "prevention first, active fire fighting", and truly achieve early detection and early solution of forest fire prevention comprehensive capability demonstration projects, the construction of forest fire prevention field video monitoring system is particularly important.

1.2 System composition

The 3G/4G wireless video surveillance system consists of three parts: front-end image acquisition system (including power supply system), wireless transmission system, and back-end monitoring management and command system. It is a complete set of security comprehensive management "remote protection area wireless monitoring system" solutions specially designed for the geographical characteristics of wildlife nature reserves, which can be combined with the local geographical environment. The system meets the needs of local monitoring and multi-level networked video monitoring of the center network. It can monitor the safety of the reserve in real time 24 hours a day, without being restricted by geographical location and distance, reducing the labor intensity of security monitoring personnel, providing strong guarantee for the command of the monitoring center, and enabling the dispatchers of monitoring centers at all levels to understand the actual situation of each area intuitively, accurately and timely by monitoring the on-site images transmitted from the remote end.

1.3 Industry characteristics and equipment selection

The forest fire remote video monitoring system has put forward many requirements with strong industry characteristics, which cannot be met by ordinary video monitoring systems. Therefore, the fire prevention intelligent monitoring system needs to have the following characteristics:

All-weather long-distance work: Fire prevention information collection points must work all-weather, which requires the selection of infrared-sensitive color-to-black-and-white cameras. The lens should be a day and night telephoto lens that can clearly see small-area fires at a long distance and has a fog-penetrating function; the pan/tilt requires the use of an outdoor integrated heavy-duty pan/tilt with screw drive. In order to reduce the jitter of long-distance images, the installation of the camera must also ensure firmness and stability. The front-end equipment adopts sealing and isolation protection measures to seal all the important electronic core components of the system in a protective cover designed with a carbon fiber structure to ensure that the equipment inside the protective cover will not fog or condense. At the same time, the window glass of the protective cover uses white tempered glass and is equipped with a heat plate to prevent fogging and condensation on the window surface and prevent blur or deformity of the monitoring image.

Remote monitoring of the working status of front-end equipment: Since the entire fire protection information collection front-end equipment is located in the mountains and maintenance is extremely inconvenient, if the center can grasp the working status of the front-end equipment at any time, it will play an important guiding and analytical role in maintenance. On the one hand, it reduces the intensity and cost of the maintenance work of the entire system, and on the other hand, it also protects the interests of users.

Intelligent forest fire analysis and early warning: It is difficult to rely solely on on-duty personnel to detect early fires through monitors. With the development of intelligent video analysis technology, intelligent recognition of fireworks for early forest fires has gradually been applied. The system needs to be able to automatically detect fires, issue alarms, and link alarm recordings in a timely manner, reminding on-duty personnel to check the display screen, so as to achieve early detection, early notification, and early firefighting.

Monitoring room construction: Build a large screen in the monitoring room to facilitate real-time monitoring of field surveillance images, remote monitoring of forest areas, and unmanned operation.

According to the requirements of video surveillance business, we adopt networked distributed video access, centralized control management, distributed sharing strategy and wireless communication to realize the video surveillance function of coal mine areas.

Networked distributed alarm signal and video access refers to the use of dedicated 3G/4G video access equipment to

The controlled video is transmitted to the network base station.

Centralized control and management refers to the control and adjustment of video through dedicated video servers and digital radio receivers.

Surveillance video access and visit services, as well as alarm information processing, etc.

Distributed sharing refers to the transmission of surveillance video through the network to meet the sharing needs of multiple business functional departments and users.

According to the actual requirements of the site, it is necessary to control the key parts of the nature reserve. Due to environmental factors, it is not suitable for wired layout, and video signals and other signals need to be transmitted. In order to achieve the purpose of monitoring, we use 3G/4G wireless transmission, which can not only complete the realization of on-site functions, but also encrypt the transmission process, thereby meeting certain confidentiality requirements.